- loose and open surface
- рыхлое покрытие, допускающее проникновение воды с поверхности
Англо-русский словарь дорожника. — М.: Научно-техническое издательство автотранспортной литературы.. Н. В. Орнатский. 1956.
Англо-русский словарь дорожника. — М.: Научно-техническое издательство автотранспортной литературы.. Н. В. Орнатский. 1956.
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